![]() Download the dataset to try it yourself using our income and happiness example.ĭataset for simple linear regression (.csv) R is a free, powerful, and widely-used statistical program. While you can perform a linear regression by hand, this is a tedious process, so most people use statistical programs to help them quickly analyze the data. Linear regression finds the line of best fit line through your data by searching for the regression coefficient (B 1) that minimizes the total error (e) of the model. e is the error of the estimate, or how much variation there is in our estimate of the regression coefficient.x is the independent variable ( the variable we expect is influencing y).B 1 is the regression coefficient – how much we expect y to change as x increases.B 0 is the intercept, the predicted value of y when the x is 0.y is the predicted value of the dependent variable ( y) for any given value of the independent variable ( x).The formula for a simple linear regression is: How to perform a simple linear regression Simple linear regression formula If your data violate the assumption of independence of observations (e.g., if observations are repeated over time), you may be able to perform a linear mixed-effects model that accounts for the additional structure in the data. Because the data violate the assumption of homoscedasticity, it doesn’t work for regression, but you perform a Spearman rank test instead. However, you find that much more data has been collected at high rates of meat consumption than at low rates of meat consumption, with the result that there is much more variation in the estimate of cancer rates at the low range than at the high range. Example: Data that doesn’t meet the assumptionsYou think there is a linear relationship between cured meat consumption and the incidence of colorectal cancer in the U.S. If your data do not meet the assumptions of homoscedasticity or normality, you may be able to use a nonparametric test instead, such as the Spearman rank test. The relationship between the independent and dependent variable is linear: the line of best fit through the data points is a straight line (rather than a curve or some sort of grouping factor).Linear regression makes one additional assumption: Normality: The data follows a normal distribution.Independence of observations: the observations in the dataset were collected using statistically valid sampling methods, and there are no hidden relationships among observations.Homogeneity of variance (homoscedasticity): the size of the error in our prediction doesn’t change significantly across the values of the independent variable.Simple linear regression is a parametric test, meaning that it makes certain assumptions about the data. Frequently asked questions about simple linear regression.Can you predict values outside the range of your data?.How to perform a simple linear regression.Assumptions of simple linear regression.If you have more than one independent variable, use multiple linear regression instead. Your independent variable (income) and dependent variable (happiness) are both quantitative, so you can do a regression analysis to see if there is a linear relationship between them. You survey 500 people whose incomes range from 15k to 75k and ask them to rank their happiness on a scale from 1 to 10. Simple linear regression exampleYou are a social researcher interested in the relationship between income and happiness. Regression allows you to estimate how a dependent variable changes as the independent variable(s) change. Linear regression models use a straight line, while logistic and nonlinear regression models use a curved line. Regression models describe the relationship between variables by fitting a line to the observed data. The value of the dependent variable at a certain value of the independent variable (e.g., the amount of soil erosion at a certain level of rainfall).How strong the relationship is between two variables (e.g., the relationship between rainfall and soil erosion). ![]() You can use simple linear regression when you want to know: Simple linear regression is used to estimate the relationship between two quantitative variables. Try for free Simple Linear Regression | An Easy Introduction & Examples Eliminate grammar errors and improve your writing with our free AI-powered grammar checker. ![]()
0 Comments
![]() Dawkins's own position is somewhat ambiguous. The word meme itself is a neologism coined by Richard Dawkins, originating from his 1976 book The Selfish Gene. Others have argued that this use of the term is the result of a misunderstanding of the original proposal. Some commentators in the social sciences question the idea that one can meaningfully categorize culture in terms of discrete units, and are especially critical of the biological nature of the theory's underpinnings. However, developments in neuroimaging may make empirical study possible. Criticism from a variety of fronts has challenged the notion that academic study can examine memes empirically. Ī field of study called memetics arose in the 1990s to explore the concepts and transmission of memes in terms of an evolutionary model. Memes that replicate most effectively enjoy more success, and some may replicate effectively even when they prove to be detrimental to the welfare of their hosts. Memes that propagate less prolifically may become extinct, while others may survive, spread, and (for better or for worse) mutate. Memes spread through the behavior that they generate in their hosts. Memes do this through the processes of variation, mutation, competition, and inheritance, each of which influences a meme's reproductive success. ![]() Proponents theorize that memes are a viral phenomenon that may evolve by natural selection in a manner analogous to that of biological evolution. In popular language, a meme may refer to an Internet meme, typically an image, that is remixed, copied, and circulated in a shared cultural experience online. ![]() Supporters of the concept regard memes as cultural analogues to genes in that they self-replicate, mutate, and respond to selective pressures. A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural ideas, symbols, or practices, that can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals, or other imitable phenomena with a mimicked theme. A meme ( / m iː m/ MEEM) is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme. ![]() ![]() ![]() There’s no portable version, so you can’t keep Disk Drill handy on an external drive for file restoration in the field. Happily, the macOS version of this software also supports M1 and T1-based Apple devices.ĭisk Drill has plenty of features to sate photographers, although it’s certainly not perfect. If you’re using this app on macOS devices, you can also recover photographs and other files from Android and iOS hardware. It works with external hard disks and SSDs, too.ĭisk Drill can recover data from partitions and unformatted drives, and you can mount your scanning results as a new disk to easily move files around. Beyond that, photographers can benefit from support for SDHC, SDXC, microSD and even CF cards. The fault uses byte-level backups, too, so you can feel confident knowing that your file integrity will remain intact.Įlsewhere, Disk Drill supports more than 300 file types and it can recover photographs from a huge range of sources, including conventional devices like hard drives and SSDs to digital cameras and SD cards and USB sticks. And, on a purely visual level, this app looks great – its slick, minimal and clean UI is an obvious hallmark of its macOS origins.ĭisk Drill users also benefit from the Recovery Vault, which protects specific files and folders from future deletions and monitors their latest locations – paired with the best photo storage and sharing sites, you can make sure that your important photographs are never lost. ![]() It supports RAW photo and video recovery, which is a feature that’s often not available in rival apps. Photographers will also enjoy some of the app’s more advanced features. That’s ideal if you want to find specific files from a broad selection of scan results.ĭisk Drill’s scans are not the fastest around, but they’re some of the most thorough. Its main results section also details the file’s size, type and location, and users can filter results by file size, restoration chances and file type. Users can see unlimited previews of pictures that the app has found, and Disk Drill will estimate the chances of successfully recovering each file using a straightforward traffic light color-coding system. Start a scan and the app will show you how many files it’s found in different key categories, including photos and videos, and you can see files that the app has found before the scan has been completed – so you can start to recover photos while the app keeps working in the background. A great array of features without much missing, although some apps have broader file supportĭisk Drill’s scanning software is immediately impressive. ![]() ![]() ![]() This program lacks advanced searching capabilities and some features found in other similar programs, but this shouldn't be a problem for you if you just need a fast and reliable client. If you're looking for a BitTorrent client that offers a quick and easy way to download torrent files, then you'll definitely love uTorrent for Mac. After clicking that we disagreed, we were redirected to the actual uTorrent license agreement. It does include a search box, which takes you to your Web browser to find the files you want to download.īeware of malware: While installing uTorrent, we were first prompted to agree to let the application change our default home pages on all our Web browsers and to allow the tracking of our browsing history. However, if you are unfamiliar with the BitTorrent protocol and how torrent files work, don't distress - the uTorrent Web site offers very helpful guides, including a wonderfully clear and informative video that will help get you started.Ĭannot search torrents: While it will facilitate the sharing and downloading of torrent files, this program doesn't actually have an integrated search. Helpful resources: This program features an intuitive yet basic OS X-style interface, so you won't have trouble finding your way. You can also manually set limits for bandwidth used for uploading and downloading files. It's a bit stripped down in features compared to other popular clients such as Vuze (Azureus), but if ease of use is all you need, you won't mind this.Īutomated bandwidth adjusting: This application has been programmed to auto-adjust the amount of bandwidth it uses. It's a bit thin on features, but it's lightweight and lets you download files hassle-free.įast and reliable: uTorrent for Mac downloads files much more quickly than other peer-to-peer file sharing applications that we have used in the past, such as the now-defunct Limewire, without limiting our ability to use our Internet connection with other applications. The online torrent downloader has many advantages over desktop-based software, including a simpler interface, less customization options to learn, quick media playback, and an experience that is integrated more tightly with your online workflows.UTorrent for Mac is a basic, free, and fast BitTorrent client that makes it easy for you to download torrent files. Once installed, µTorrent Web works in a new tab of your favorite browser (Chrome, Firefox, or Opera) and allows you to download any file type into the folder of your choice. ![]() µTorrent Web is a browser-based torrent client that allows you to download torrents online. I’m looking for a torrent downloader online. If you click a torrent magnet link, uTWeb will begin downloading the file and, if it’s a video or audio file, will play it within your web browser. The scanner enables you to click on a torrent file or magnet link from within the search results, meaning you never need to visit potentially harmful sites. When you search Google, Yahoo or Bing, the scanner helps you identify both torrent files and torrent magnet links directly on the search results page. We recommend using the safe torrent scanner, which is offered to you shortly after installing µTorrent Web. µTorrent Web enables fast download of torrent files and magnet links. Any files you download from the web torrent client are stored in the folder of your choice for offline viewing or consumption.ĭoes uTWeb download torrent magnet links? This is especially helpful to quickly validate the quality of the torrent before you download the complete file. Once you find a torrent to download, µTorrent Web helps you play the file near-instantaneously if it’s a video or audio file. Announcements (Mac) Important announcements about µTorrent for Mac. uTorrent Web silently crashes after closing By JohnnyGui, May 2 uTorrent Mac. The software launches in your preferred web browser (Chrome, Firefox or Opera). By exclusive75, MauTorrent Web for Windows. ΜTorrent Web, which is also known as uTWeb, is the most popular web torrent client in the world due to its simple design and ease of use. ![]() Web torrent clients typically have a simpler interface and are easier to use than desktop software, so they are ideal for newer users. Web torrent clients are still software that need to be downloaded, however once installed they can help you download torrents from a web browser like Google Chrome. Unlike client software that runs in a separate window on your Windows computer, a web torrent client lives in a web browser. ![]() ![]() Users may need to install extra features to get it work as they want it.īest alternatives for Mac users 1. 2.Ělthough advanced users prefer to extensive custom settings of Audio Hijack Pro, others may feel frustrated to face so many settings.The workflow is a little complicated, beginners have to follow the tutorials. You can eve play music on iPhone and use it to record it through iTunes. 5.ěesides MP3, it is able to save the recording in an AIFF file and burn a CD.This Mac audio recorder allows users to set the length of every piece of recording, tags and other effects. Users could control the audio recording totally. ![]() That is a useful feature to record online audios. The embedded Timers will start or stop recording automatically. It has plentiful input sources, including computer system, microphone, QuickTime Player, iTunes, Safari, DVD player, iChat, Skype and more. Once tap on Record button, it will capture all audio available. Audio Hijack Pro is a user-friendly audio recorder. If you set Safari as the audio input of Audio Hijack Pro, this audio recorder will capture the sound from Safari automatically when you play music in Safari. Safari, for example, is embedded audio input sources. Audio Hijack Pro reviewĪs an audio recorder for Mac computer, It is compatible with many built-in applications. But if you want to learn more choices, we will introduce several best Alternatives. Although there are some questions related to piracy around Audio Hijack Pro, it is still a useful and legal program on Mac computer. With the program, Mac users could grab audio from any input source, including applications, built-in DVD player, microphone, Skype calls, and so on. And the different combinations of options will produce different effects. It makes boring settings process more interesting. ![]() You can drag options from menu bar to main window and customize settings. ![]() It has a special design compared to other programs. Among audio recorders for Mac computer, Audio Hijack Pro is a powerful program. ![]() ![]() ![]() Topped with frosting and lots of Funfetti sprinkles included. Funfetti Cake Batter Cookie Bars – Easy to make with a white cake mix + sugar cookie mix.A delicious cross between a chocolate chip cookie in a bar form. Chocolate Chip Cookie Bars – Thick, chewy cookie bars with chocolate chips.Place the stick of butter into the microwave, and “cook” for 30 seconds, rotating the stick of butter to another side every 3-4 seconds. Remember to set out the butter the night before, or at least several hours before, and you can always do my microwave trick. Softened Butter : If the butter is not well softened, you will have trouble mixing it into the dough and there will end up being lumps in it.I also am convinced that using parchment paper prevents the bottoms (of bars and cookies) from getting too browned. Use Parchment Paper : I love using parchment paper because then you can grab it by the over hand on the sides, lift out the bars, and then cut them nicely into squares.You will also be mixing in the white chocolate chips and macadamia nuts, which will finish combining and mixing everything. Once there are no longer flour streaks or pockets in the dough, it’s time to stop. Don’t Over Mix : Once you add the dry ingredients into the wet batter, be sure to only mix until just combined.I prefer chopping up the macadamia nuts so there is more to go around. You can keep the macadamia nuts whole for larger chunks inside the cookie bars, or chop them up so there are more bits all over.Do I Chop The Macadamia Nuts or Keep Them Whole?.You can also warm it up in the microwave too. Let leftovers thaw in the fridge or at room temperature.It just provides extra protection and keeps the freezer cleaner. I like to wrap the bars individually in tin foil and then place them inside a freezer safe Ziploc bag. Double wrap them in tin foil, either individually or all of them, and freeze for up to 2 months. ![]()
![]() ![]() Selected '05 - '07 MY USA Elise/Exige vehicles only. Service level replacement of crossover oil cooler hose and fitment of a service level oil line hose kit. Replacement of Federal certification label on selected '13MY USA Evoras built between September - November 2012 Retrofitment of revised RH cylinder bank Variable Valve Timing (VVT) oil pipe on Selected Evora S & S-IPS prior to ‘12MY VIN CH_10159 Retrofitment of revised turn signal module (also referred to as a flasher relay or module). Your VIN can be found affixed atop the dashboard on the driver side of your. Torque check of rear hub securing bolts on selected Elise /Exige/Europa/2-Eleven vehicle VINs between '08 - '10 Model YearsĢ-Eleven, Elise, Elise EU, Elise RoW, Exige, Exige EU, Exige RoW Click below to check if your Mitsubishi vehicle has any open recalls. ![]() VOSA: R-2013-086 NHTSA: 13V-314 Transport Canada: TC 2013-253įitment of modified gear lever on selected '04 - '05 Model Year Elise and Exige Potential loss of electronically stored VIN in ‘05 to ‘07 MY vehiclesįitment of modified LHR oil cooler hose for '11MY supercharged Evora This information was last updated on July 07, 2023. You can search for all safety recalls initiated after March 15, 1994. Selected '07 - '08 MY USA Elise/Exige vehicles only. Your VIN is a unique 17 character (including letters) serial number that can be found on your vehicle (the passenger side door sill, for example) or in your vehicles documentation (like its registration). A Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) is a document that identifies an unanticipated vehicle or part issue and provides a solution. I hit the mother load with Edmunds however and you dont need to enter. did some more searching since both those sites I mentioned didnt give out TSB information for my VIN, not even NHTSA. NHTSA: 14V-280 Transport Canada: TC2014-191 Use our VIN lookup tool to check for recalls on your car, or search by make and model. Selected '08 - '11 MY USA Elise/Exige vehicles only. VOSA: R-2018-310 NHTSA: 18V-781 TRANSPORT CANADA: TC-2018-614įitment of modified RHR, RHF, Transfer & LHF oil cooler hose for '11MY supercharged Evora Re-torque of the steering column cartridge screw on a limited VIN range of '18 & '19 Evora 400 model range vehicles TSB 2018/01R Class 1 safety bulletin with information on a limited VIN range of '18 and '19 model year Evora range vehicles requiring the re-torque of the steering column cartridge screw. ![]() ![]() ![]() From Nov-2006 to Jun-2007(time letter was written) they recorded continuing uplift of the trestle of 1-7/8 to 2-1/4 inches across the trestle. began monitoring the Trestle erected to facilitate excavation of the Podium/Mid-Rise. This location was troublesome early in the project, with water seeping into the excavation while the tie-back work was going on.īeginning in Nov-2006 Surveyor, Martin M. The tower/podium shoring wall in this area has two sections where the CDSM shoring wall has soldier piles at 2.5 ft OC. The parking garage walls incorporated an integral waterproofing admixture. I'm quite certain the main water leakage/cracking is in the north & west walls of the lower parking levels. ![]() SG&H was the waterproofing consultant for the Millennium Tower project and the cracking in the bottom levels of the parking garage, immediately adjacent to the tower/podium shoring wall, will likely remain a chronic problem for the Millennium HOA. The Dan Brown & Associates letter from 23 November 2021 is also at. There are new photos on - The 3rd to last photo shows a center bar in the pile much larger in diameter than the #18 high strength threaded bar previously proposed. Crews will be able to accomplish the objectives of the previously planned retrofit with the reduced number of piles, Hamburger wrote, though he noted that the building’s tilt would not be corrected as much as had been previously predicted. New calculations show piles can bear more weight than was previously known - an estimated 1 million pounds, per Hamburger’s letter, up from 800,000. SF Business Times: "Less is more: Engineers behind Millennium Tower fix have a new strategy" "The required construction is neither complex nor unusual." Ron Hamburger RE: SF Tower settlement Part III dik (Structural) That's 18 million pounds.Ĥ1.6 - 18 = 23.6 million pounds to be held up with something yet to be described. The new proposed piles can each hold up 1 million pounds. Or looked at another way: if the old piles were needed to hold up 52 X 800,000 pounds, then their total uppicity would be 41.6 million pounds. Perhaps they're going to lighten the building? Maybe restrict the number of pianos in each unit? Individually.Ĭorrect me if I'm missing something, but isn't 2.32 (million) a whole lot bigger than the 1 (million) that is mentioned? The amount the New Piles would have to hold up. If the Old Piles could hold up 800,000 pounds each, then my calculations: That would appear to be the new supported weight per pile, compared to the old (52) quantity. ![]() We'll call that 2.9, to continue to avoid the higher math. So you guys should like maybe do some sort of analysis on the following: Now I realize I'm only using arithmetic, instead of some higher math. ![]() ![]() ![]() Develop designs and contract documents with an understanding of building systems, sustainability goals, accessibility and regulatory compliance.Develop and present initial design concepts.Coordinate consultant designs and documents.Lead documentation and coordination efforts for architectural projects, either independently for multiple small projects or collaboratively as part of a large, complex project.7+ years of work experience in all project phases at an architecture or interior design firm on large commercial office, mixed-use, civic, education, cultural or other complex projects.Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Architecture or Interior Design required.You are passionate about the impact of design on people’s lives and have an interest in building performance, technology, and sustainability in design and construction. You are a good communicator who builds strong relationships with team members while balancing the demands of multiple projects at various stages of development. You are collaborative by nature and enjoy both teaching and learning from others. ![]() STUDIOS Architecture is looking for an experienced Project Architect to join our Washington DC Office. ![]() ![]() STUDIOS Architecture is fully committed to the concept and practice of equal opportunity and affirmative action in all aspects of employment. Please contact if you have any questions. We offer competitive salaries, excellent benefits including comprehensive healthcare, generous personal leave, flexible work environments and support for professional development opportunities.Ĭlick "Apply" below to submit your application for this position. We enjoy a strong studio culture and foster a community of friends and colleagues who are passionate about creating world-class design. Our process engages the full team in the design, based upon our belief that the best ideas can come from anywhere. STUDIOS’ collaborative spirit leads to creative, responsible place-making and transformative design.
![]() ![]() We removed a few sequences with rare insertions for convenience. 2002) alignment of this family (Accession no. The logo displays both significant residues and subtle sequence patterns. The data for this logo consists of 100 sequences from the full Pfam (Bateman et al. From these 'sequence logos', one can determine not only the consensus sequence but also the relative frequency of bases and the information content (measured in bits) at every position in a site or sequence. Partially or completely buried positions (labeled B) frequently contain hydrophobic amino acids, which are colored black. The conserved glycine at position 177 is located inside of the turn between the helices, where packing effects prevent the insertion of a side chain. 1996) and are critical to the sequence-specific binding of the protein. Positions 180, 181, and 185 are known to interact directly with bases in the major groove (Schultz et al. ( C) The helix-turn-helix motif from the CAP family of homodimeric DNA binding proteins (Brennan and Matthews 1989 Schultz et al. Motto: Representing Motifs in Consensus Sequences with Minimum Information Loss Authors Mengchi Wang 1, David Wang 2, Kai Zhang 1, Vu Ngo 1, Shicai Fan 2 3, Wei Wang 4 2 5 Affiliations 1 Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093. The data for this logo consists of 59 binding sites determined by DNA footprinting (Robison et al. Additional interactions occur between the protein and the first and last two bases within the DNA minor groove, where the protein cannot easily distinguish A from T, or G from C (Seeman et al. The displacement of the two halves is 11 bp, or approximately one full turn of the DNA helix. However, the binding site lacks perfect symmetry, possibly due to the inherent asymmetry of the operon promoter region. The logo is approximately palindromic, which provides two very similar recognition sites, one for each subunit of the dimer. Several consequences can be observed in this CAP binding-site logo. However, in many scenarios, in order to interpret the motif information or search for motif matches, it is compact and sufficient to represent motifs by wildcard-style consensus sequences (such as GCATGATAAGGAC). ( B) The two DNA recognition helices of the CAP homodimer insert themselves into consecutive turns of the major groove. Typically, motifs are represented as position weight matrices (PWMs) and visualized using sequence logos. We rendered the PDB structure 1CGP (Schultz et al. 1990 Oct 25 18( 20):6097-100.( A) CAP (Catabolite Activator Protein, also known as CRP) acts as a transcription promoter by binding at more than 100 sites within the Escherichia coli genome. Schneider TD, Stephens RM., Sequence logos: a new way to display consensus sequences., Nucleic Acids Res. If you need that sort of data, calculate it from the alignment directly. So don't put too much weight on the bit values. However, you should think of logos as a useful visual aid, and not a way of getting rigorous mathematical information about a sequence. In the one you show, the scale is from 0 to 0.2, but it's the same principle. So yes, 2bits is the highest value you will see on the y-axis of a DNA sequence logo (proteins are a different story since there are more possibilities). Is needed to describe a position in a binding site that contains only purines,īut two bits are needed to describe a position that always contains adenine. Sometimes A and sometimes G), only one question suffices since a two out ofįour choice is equivalent to a one out of two choice. (If the answers to both questionsĪre "no", it must be a T.) Furthermore, if a position contains two bases (e.g. Information since two yes-no questions need to be answered: "Is it A or G?" Question needs to be answered: "Is it heads?". For example, to communicate the result ofĪ coin-ip to someone requires 1 bit of information because only one yes-no To choose one symbol or state from two equally likely possibilities The importance of a particular position in a binding site is more clearlyĪnd consistently given by the information required to describe the pattern This is explained in the original paper describing the logos (emphasis mine): ![]() |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |